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Viksit Path: Kartavya Path

Be the designer of your world and not merely the consumer of it.

1. The vision of Viksit Bharat can be realised through Viksit States, and that the aspiration of Viksit Bharat should reach the grassroot level i.e. to each district, block, and village. For this, each State and District should create a vision for 2047 so as to realise Viksit Bharat @ 2047. All States may initiate Demographic Management Plans to address the issues of population ageing in future.  Viksit Bharat is all about empowering citizens and reaching the last mile, for a developed India, the government system should support the aspirations of common people. Earlier thinking was that the government will do everything, but now thinking is that the government will work for everyone. Motto of the government is ‘Nation First-Citizen First’, today’s government is prioritising the deprived. Today’s aspirational citizens are not willing to wait for long to see changes in the systems. As the world is saying that India’s time has arrived, there is no time to be wasted by the bureaucracy of the country. The century of independence will be the golden century of the country when we will give first priority to our duties. Duty is not an option for us but a resolution now. Basis of all your decisions should always be the national interest. It is the duty of the Bureaucracy to analyse whether a political party is making use of taxpayers ’money for the benefit of their own organisation or for the nation.

2. A folklore in Rajasthan says, when a soldier stops feeding his horse in peace-time he has a lame and weak horse during war time. The Jan Vishwas 2.0 new philosophy of Nyaya not Danda – de-criminalisation of remaining provisions except that cause personal harms and frauds. This will blunt the corruption- a sense of humour on rule of law and may come down by design. Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) the show-stopper in G20 Summit can create a National Open Compliance Grid - for each Ministry Department and Organisation (MDO) to implement digitization- bank of APIs. Non-Farm Job is the new god of market - not the outdated monetary and fiscal consolidation route of managing poverty and prosperity paradox as unintended outcome. India has created the world’s largest democracy on the infertile soil of the world’s most hierarchical society. Swaraj without Swadeshi would be half done. The politics devoted solely to political freedom was an empty concept, if not backed by economic power.

3. China’s highly decentralised fiscal system, local governments are responsible for providing almost all public services, including education, health, social welfare and infrastructure. China’s urban population has grown by almost 700 million since 1980. Cities have grown, prospered and invested in huge amounts of infrastructure. Public services have improved markedly, with universal education, health care, pensions and social welfare, albeit with uneven and often shallow coverage, but some lessons are worth learning. To maintain a growth rate of 7.6 per cent per year for the next 25 years, a few countries have done it, China has done it, but the more difficult point is whether we can do it with all the challenges like climate change, geopolitics, the difficulty of globalisation. Our social problems are not laws of nature or economics, they are choices the results of rules and regulations governing the economy actively framed by state -invisible hand.

4. India’s challenge since 1947 has not been unemployment (a low 4.9%) but employed poverty-as the poor can’t afford to be unemployed. The solution like-productive industries that don’t gift wrap self-exploitation as self-employed-employees with productivity to pay higher wages and employees with skills to work productively. The recent budget is an intervention for mass prosperity and putting employed poverty into museums while becoming the third largest economy on the planet. We must come out with mindset that job preservation is another form of job creation where creative disruption is the rule not an exception that few intellectuals than Indians are entitled. From being a predominantly import-driven country, India now exports many products to the world. The country has made its mark on the world stage in wide ranging sectors like defence, space, start-ups and sports. The confidence and enthusiasm of 140 crore citizens, which is the driving force behind the progress of our country. This is the decade of change which brings a lot of opportunities across sectors, States to utilise these opportunities and make policies and initiate governance programmes that are conducive for development through innovative approaches in policy making and execution.

5. The scale speed and skill of managing the Indian policy landscape also needs to address size shape and effectiveness of public policies. Micro-economic stability, physical infrastructure and rule of law are non-negotiable as is the laser focus on human capital. In the age of artificial intelligence and virtual reality- a lot of people are paying attention to models (LLM), the challenge for us is to pay attention to data.(privacy and proprietary concerns) AI firms will soon exhaust most of internet’s data of over 50bn web pages and almost all data-walls giving away. Back to business and business as usual shall continue to be quality of data than quantity of data. More data has not made any one wiser but better insight if of quality data has changed the fortunes of firms and nations dependent upon their risk-appetite. The current battle of ideas is not of math’s bits and bytes or even algorithms but blurred vision of prose and poetry being subjected to reasoning than imagining. Life and policies are not just subsets of frames to simplify things. AI models are able to peep behind paywalls on the ground of fair-use principles. The synthetic data or machine created data is limitless - with difference in scale and can lead to difference in principle with reinforced learning from human feedback (RLHF).

6. While Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas, and Sabka Prayas’’ makes for a catchy slogan, we will be able to realize our aspirations only if our resource mobilization and allocation policy is consistent with the slogan. What is needed is to take lessons from history, recognise the vitality and resilience of India, the power of its world-view and utilize its strength which drove it to glorious heights and analyse its weaknesses which led to abysmal fall. Pick up the thread from the point where the continuum of our civilisational consciousness was lost and reorient the public policy in consonance with those strong points of Indian psyche which will be the engine of our future glory.

7. It is also important that we invest in improving the quality of education in higher education at all levels. Even IITs, IIMs, AIIMS, etc. must gear up for dealing with technology and climate related challenges. We cannot have teachers on contract for life, inadequate or poor-quality infrastructure, poor quality libraries and backward-looking curriculum and hope to become a developed country by 2047.

8. As a nation, our country has made great progress since independence. But a lot still needs to be done and achieved. All societies have some fundamental goals to be achieved; one of such goals for us is securing a just society and ensuring easy access to justice to all. Access to justice is a fundamental tenet of the rule of law. It is paramount important to enable people to exercise their rights, confront prejudice, make their voices heard, and hold decision-makers responsible. Access to justice is more than improving an individual’s access to courts or guaranteeing legal representation. It is an enabling tool for holistic development and economic progress.

9. eSakshya: A case of the road to hell being paved with good intentions? Many concerns are swirling around the eSakshya app and the recording of digital evidence that the Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam mandates ESakshya, developed by the National Informatics Centre (NIC) with the ambitious aim of helping police record the scene of crime and the search and seizures and then upload them on to a cloud-based platform was one of the talking points when the three new criminal laws were rolled out. Many lauded the intention behind the new-age initiative in the Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, that replaces the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, but there were always doubts on whether all of India could keep up. According to the new laws, in any and all cases in which an FIR is being registered, there has to be digital evidence that is recorded and stored in the app according to procedure. This recording should then be sent to the District Magistrate, Sub-divisional Magistrate or Judicial Magistrate of the first class, according to section 105 of BNSS (Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023). The transition from traditional paper-based systems to a completely digitised platform requires significant investment in technology and capacity building.

10. Covid a case of cooperative federalism- happy and healthy together when a calamity or a disaster strikes. Population Scale Solution and India -Scale implementation with bureaucracy -3 pillars 1) strategic planning and management 2) backed by awareness 3) supply chain- vaccine manpower and vaccination facilities all tagged CoWIN. Technologies that change societies are technologies that change interaction between people.

11. Aspirational society must be seen as opportunity than a burden- physical and social infrastructure or public oriented governance- address public grievances as if it’s a service to God. People should get precede in governance. Incentives for capacity building- karma points

12. Public policy as a Service by think tanks is the need of hour. The development debate in global south and low-income countries has two side but not joined at hips. Hunger and Prosperity has a long distance between the two. Hunger led politics can’t promote AI ML VR and social media. It can promote industry and industrialisation as the solution for job creation and income distribution. Many economists believe China’s leadership is preoccupied with the “supply side” of the economy—cultivating the technologies, kit and skills that enable China to produce things—but has not done enough to revive the “demand side.” Why should all countries be a manufacturing nation-the comparative advantage and competitive advantage work is a linear model. Exploit your comparative advantage and then lead by competitive advantage through people process and technology policy interaction.

13. Debate today is the rising role of service sector as gold standard of development. Growth in service sector - health education tourism and travel -not for business alone but pleasure and cultural exploitation is job guarantee in modern world. The skill one needs to thrive is education and aptitude KSAB can be KHAS (knowledge skill attitude behaviour and habit) ET and FT like 3D are substituting physical capital for labour with capital while world needs labour-intensive industrialisation. Rising skill and capital intensity of industrialisation is making global south into enclave sectors”- like mining except for some investment

14. Human Capital Investment (HCI) India’s economy is in a sweet spot of high economic growth, low inflation and fiscal and monetary stability. But the present economic scenario has certain negative features, mainly the low tax-to-GDP ratio (about 19%), the high current account deficit (3.5% of the GDP), and the stagnation of exports and jobs. These circumstances make it important to leverage the economy’s robustness and the government’s fiscal health to implement measures that can address its weaknesses and treat budgetary expenditure on the social sector as Human Capital Investment (HCI) The state governments in India play a pivotal role in governance, encompassing functions essential for public service delivery, law enforcement, and socio-economic development. To do so, states in India boast of very distinct hierarchy of roles and responsibilities, well-structured web of institutions and diverse sources of funding. This surely augments Indian state machinery to excel in executing specific, mission mode, and time-bound projects. 

15. Paradoxically, states perform inadequately in managing routine public service delivery in critical governance sectors including education, healthcare, public safety, judicial processes (Accelerating India's Development: A State-Led Roadmap for Effective Governance" by Karthik Muralidharan, State-Led Approach: The book emphasises the role of state-level reforms in India's development journey., Public Services, It focuses on improving essential public services like education, healthcare, and infrastructure.- Faculty at IIPA has revisited the whole issues in new perspective and this publication is a small step in re-imagining Dr Murlidharan and his approach as appreciated. The problem lies not in the scarcity of resources, but in ineffective resource utilization, inadequate competencies, corruption and political interference resulting in underperforming state institutions. The line departments particularly bemoan of understaffing, particularly of technology skilled employees. To add fuel to the fire, the rigid hierarchies stifle creativity and a risk-averse bureaucratic mindset ignore participatory approach to governance. As a vicious repercussion, complete disregard for digital technologies and data driven decision-making gets exacerbated. Such unresolved past issues can cast long shadows over our nation’s unpredictable journey into the future. In the long-run, prioritization beats efficiency. 

16. Seatbelt Mindset: drivers freeing himself at Noida border of safety belt when seat belts were mandatory in Delhi but not in neighbouring UP or Haryana- any one hiring a car know it. Law doesn’t mandate census every 10 years, or just a convention. Census is neither necessary nor desirable is the consensus. Does it really matter if we count our population down to each individual?  Global indices are not fair to India, to say the least. Liberal-left bias towards a global north centric world view is the root and cause together. EGDI- E-Government Development Index by UN since 2003 for 193 countries, takes into account-online services, human capital and telecom infrastructure. 5th largest economy in GDP terms India is still ranked 105th. India has pole-vaulted in digital public infrastructure Fintech for financial inclusion at a speed and scale unprecedented. Unique Indian Model of - high speed mobile internet uses, lowest cost per GB data, online availability of over 1500 services in various states and half million CSC networks and digital literacy campaigns needs replication worldwide and UN EDGI must take note of it.  

17. Growth Story India@Bharat Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

1947-2023 India received $950bn FDI-last 90months alone $532bn that proves our global attractiveness of handsome return on investment in safe environment.

FDI has come from 162 countries, it speaks about global trust of investors interested in rewarding their stakeholders.

FDI has come in 61 sectors - opportunities in all sectors of economy when India is the global engine of growth lifting all the boats with enough water in Ganges after success of Namami Gange mission making it Aviral (continuous flow) and Nirmal (clean).

FDI has not gone to 7 metros but tier 2 and tier 3 - too big to absorb due to talent, Spread across the length and breadth of India.

GDP today is <$4TN India took 67 years for first trillion 9 years for 2nd and only 6 years for 3rd trillion - you know where we are headed to -be part of this great Indian pie.

GDP size matters Russia Italy UK are behind us 10th to 5th is not small leap of faith.

Becoming 3rd and overtaking Germany is just a - how soon and not when.

Targeting a GDP of $30TN ,life expectancy of 84 years and per capita income of Rs 1.5mn with TFR of 1.8 while population level of 1.65 bn by 2047 with over 1.12 bn in working age group.

18. Good governance is the key. People-centric governance solves problems and gives better results. The aim of Mission Karmayogi is to utilize the full potential of civil servants. You will not be judged by what you have done for yourself, but by what changes have you brought in the lives of the people. The power of the citizens of the country has increased in the new India, the power of India has increased. Growth and size both matters as is its distribution per capita. Growth matters momentum matters and speed scale matters. >5-7per cent growth is impressive but goal is to grow double digit for decades during Amrit Kaal and make it Kartavya kaal – Viksit path and kartavya path is ideal, desirable and doable all at the same time Fastest growing large economy before COVID-19 and fastest growing large economy after COVID-19 is the story of India. Only collective efforts of the Centre and States will lead to realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat@2047 We must target Zero Poverty as a priority for a Viksit Bharat and the Story has just begun.

Tripathi Surendra Nath • 2 months ago
IIPA Governance & Polity • 2 months ago

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The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), as India's central bank and regulatory authority, plays a pivotal role in shaping public administration and governance in the country. 

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Regulatory Governance in India- Emerging Dimensions

Today we are living in an era of the ‘regulatory state’.  The expressions ‘regulation’, ‘regulatory governance’ and ‘regulatory institutions’ have become the buzzwords of governance and are  spread across social systems as well as state organisations and government strategies. 

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Governance of Higher Education in India

Governance is defined as structures and processes of decision-making through which performance and accountability is ensured in the organisations.

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158
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How has Planning Evolved with the Introduction of the Gram Panchayat Development Plan In Karnataka? – A Process Level Analysis

Participatory planning involves the intensive participation of local communities in analysing their current situation, envisioning a long-term collective future and attempting to attain this vision through collective planning of development interventions that would be implemented by different state agencies area.

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The Role of Backward Class Women Leaders in Rural Development

Since centuries backward class women were politically, economically, socially and educationally oppressed. They were deprived of their basic rights and needs.

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191
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Impact of Citizen Participation in Local Governance: with Special reference of Himachal Pradesh

Local governance is the cornerstone of democracy, where communities come together to make decisions that directly affect their daily lives.

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310
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Role of Indian Judiciary in Promoting Accountable and Responsive Administration

Intrinsically, India is a republican country that is organised as a federation with a parliamentary democracy. Similar to the United Kingdom, the President serves as the head of state in name only; in contrast, the Prime Minister is the de facto executive, or real head of the government.

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Mission Karmayogi

India is rapidly integrating technology in both governance and in delivering goods and services. All this requires a worker (civil servant) who is not just committed but also has the competence to deliver on this evolving mandate. 

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The Ethics of Co-designing Public Services in India

The civic engagement is an important hall mark of democracy. Ours has been one of the oldest and richest democratic traditions that have involved people in matters of public policy.

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Ethical Dimensions in Public Administration: Navigating Challenges, Embracing Opportunities

With over eight thousand years of experience and intellectual growth (Cameron (1968), Edwards (Gadd, 1971), Hammond (1971), Eisenstadt (1963, 1993), Olmstead ( 1948), etc.), public administration has undergone numerous changes and transformations over its long history, but it has never been so challenged as in the last thirty years.

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Policy Initiatives for Public Grievances Redressal: Steps towards Responsive & Accountable Governance

Good Governance is the key to a Nation’s progress and an important step towards it is the simplification of procedures and processes in the Government so as to make the entire system transparent and faster. 

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Separation of Power: A Disputed Territory

The theory of separation of powers constitutes a key tenet of democratic governance.

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Politics of Freebies: People-Centric or Anti-Development?

In recent years, the widespread practice of offering freebies, ranging from subsidised goods and services to outright giveaways, has become a prominent feature in economic policies worldwide.

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408
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Public-Centric Administration: Current Temporary Efforts and Possibilities of a Permanent System

From the study of the principles of origin of the state, it is concluded that the state has originated to make human life easier and this function of the state has been there every time.

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Cooperative Federalism in India: Expectation and Challenges

India, is the world's largest democracy, with a population of 1.48 billion people. Its vast population and the ethnic diversity of its people, languages and cultural traditions make its federal structure necessary for nation.

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341
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Advancing Governance Paradigms in the Modern Era

A paradigm represents a framework, viewpoint, or collection of concepts that serves as a lens for understanding various subjects. In disciplines like science and philosophy, paradigms encompass specific theories, methodologies, and principles defining valid contributions within a field. 

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Contemporary Trends in Public Administration: Focus on E - Governance

The field of public administration is experiencing a dramatic and rapid change. Locally and globally, some of the most significant trends that will have the role and function of public administrators is rapidly evolving as the needs and demands of citizens, governments and organisations influence their ability to create and implement policies.

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Public Administration and Citizen Centric Governance

“Today, I would like to make a request to the bureaucracy of India, to every government employee, be it in the State Government or the Central Government.

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Introduction

Public administration in the 21st century is undergoing significant transformation, not just in advanced countries but also in various regions of the developing world, as the calls for transformative change grow louder. These changes are propelled by globalisation, liberalisation and the diversification of service provision.

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ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS – LESSONS AND EXPERIENCES 2019-2023

Technology has immense potential to bring government and citizens closer. Today technology has become a powerful tool to empower citizens as well as a medium to optimize transparency and accountability in day-to-day functioning. 

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Address at the Inaugural Ceremony of Good Governance Week

I am extremely honoured for having given this opportunity to present the initiatives taken by Uttar Pradesh, to achieve the vision of Good Governance.

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318
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Financial Management in India: Institutions, Instruments and Innovations in a Federal Polity

Financial management constitutes the cornerstone of modern democratic governance, determining not only the allocative priorities of the state but also the operational credibility of public institutions.

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Techniques of Administrative Improvement

In an era where administrative agility defines the efficacy of democratic governance, this chapter, “Techniques of Administrative Improvement”, offers a comprehensive exploration of transformative tools, methods, and strategies that are reshaping public administration in India and globally.

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Significant Issues in Public Administration

This chapter presents an overview of specific significant issues in public administration: Values in Public Service, Regulatory Commissions in India, National Human Rights Commission and Problems of Administration in India. 

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Urban local/Municipal Governance: Main Features, Structures, Finance and Problem Areas

This document cover brief and pointed framework of the detailed process of urban local /municipal governance in India with special reference to main features, structure, finance and problem/attention areas. 

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Administrative Reforms in India Since Independence

One of the most common public initiatives of all governments worldwide has been administrative reform. In response to the challenges posed by the political and socioeconomic environments, every country aims to improve its administrative systems. 

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Civil Services

The rapid pace and interdependence of global, political, social and economic developments have necessitated a critical need for improved efficiency and effective public institutions, administrative procedures and sound financial management to confront challenges for sustainable development in all countries.

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State Government and Administration in India: Theory, Policy, and Practice

India's governance framework is fundamentally federal, characterized by a division of powers between the Union government and the State governments. 

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Plans and Priorities for Economic Development and Social Justice in India

India’s journey since independence has been defined by its commitment to creating a just, equitable, and economically strong nation. 

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Union Government and Administration

The Parliament of India, comprising the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and President, serves as the supreme legislative body and cornerstone of Indian democracy.

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The Impact of Khelo India: A Case Study of Churu District

In a nation as diverse and vibrant as India, the potential for sports to transform lives is immense. Sports are not merely a form of entertainment; they are a powerful catalyst for personal growth, community cohesion, and national pride.

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Improving the Training System for Civil Servants in the Kyrgyz Republic

This paper examines changes in the existing model of training civil servants in the context of the personnel policy pursued in the Kyrgyz Republic since 2021.

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220
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Public Sector Undertakings: Public Sector in Modern India

Public Sector Undertakings: Public sector in modern India; Forms of Public Sector Undertakings; Problems of autonomy, accountability and control; Impact of liberalization and privatization.

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Mission Youth in J&K: A Critical Analysis of PM Mission Youth in Shopian and Pulwama

The region of Jammu and Kashmir has long been characterized by a complex interplay of geopolitical tensions, socio-economic challenges, and cultural diversity. 

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656
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A Journey Towards Antyodaya to Sarvodaya

This paper examines the philosophical foundations and practical applications of Antyodaya and Sarvodaya in Indian socio-political thought.

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Change in Forms of Governance: Lessons from Public Administration in the Kyrgyz Republic

The text outlines the reasons and consequences of constitutional reforms in the organization of state power in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2021.

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Evolution of Indian Administration and Philosophical & Constitutional framework of Government

The evolution of Indian administration reflects a historical continuum shaped by civilizational values and transformative changes. Spanning the Mauryan, Mughal, and British eras, each phase contributed distinct institutional structures and governance philosophies. 

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Khelo India Scheme: A Study of Sports Infrastructure in Delhi Metropolis

“The image of a country is not just about economic and military strength. The soft face of a country also makes a difference. 

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Yamuna: Navigating the Intersection of Culture and Conservation

This paper investigates the profound transformation of the Yamuna River in India, tracing its evolution from a physical resource to "Yamuna Maiya," a revered maternal deity.

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From Developmental State to Innovative Inclusive State Insights from Korea for Sustainable Development in Transitional Economies

Since 1945, Korea has been regarded as a representative developmental state that achieved rapid economic growth. However, democratisation in 1987 and IMF crisis in 1997 revealed the limitations of the traditional developmental state model.

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260
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Financial Administration and Management in India

Understanding the distinction between financial administration and management is crucial for comprehending how government finances are structured and managed, ensuring both accountability and efficiency in the use of public funds. 

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Seamless End-to-End Service Delivery by New Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC)

The digital revolution has fundamentally transformed the landscape of public administration, giving rise to e-governance as a pivotal approach for enhancing government-citizen interactions.

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247
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Sarvodaya Se Antyodaya through Inclusive Education Policy

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant transformation in India's education system, replacing the NPE 1986 with a more inclusive, holistic, and multidisciplinary approach. 

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288
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Governance and Characteristics of Anti- Corruption Policy in Korea and Mongolia

As an initial output of the joint research between the Korean Institute of Public Administration (KIPA) and the National Academy of Governance (NAOG), this article provides overviews of the Korean and Mongolian legislative environment, governance and characteristics of the anti-corruption policies.

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Techniques of Administrative Improvement

Administrative improvement is a strategic necessity in a fast-paced world. Techniques like O&M, Work Study, management aid tools such as network analysis form the cornerstone of efficient governance. MIS, PERT, and CPM tools equip administrators with the ability to anticipate challenges, and drive organizational success in an increasingly complex environment.

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1
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PM Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (SVANIDHI) Yojana and its Implementation: A Case Study of Varanasi

Street vendors are an integral part of the urban informal economy in India, providing essential goods and service that cater to the diverse needs of city residents. They operate in various capacities, from food vendors to artisans, and play a crucial role in enhancing the vibrancy and accessibility of urban life.

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Communication in India’s Growth: Navigating the Digital Age

This paper examines the critical role of communication in driving India's economic growth within the context of its diverse societal structure and the rapidly evolving information age. It argues that effective communication is not merely a tool for disseminating information but a fundamental force shaping development trajectories.

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Mongolian Civil Service and Human Resource Management: Reforms and Challenges

This article outlines the stages of civil service reform in Mongolia and evaluates the specific activities implemented during each stage, along with their characteristics and outcomes.

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Public Policy

One often wonders ‘what the government does’ and ‘why the government does what it does’ and equally importantly ‘what it does not do and why so’. According to Thomas R. Dye “public policy is whatever government chooses to do or not to do”, implying that government's actions and inactions both come into the realm of public policy. 

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Mission Ragi and Economic Benefits to Farmers - A Case Study of Gumla District

Millets, often referred to as "smart grains," have been integral to traditional diets in India for centuries. Among these, Ragi (finger millet) stands out due to its exceptional nutritional profile and adaptability to diverse climatic conditions.

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Reimagining Sarvodaya for Contemporary Challenges

Amidst escalating climate crises, technological upheavals, and growing socioeconomic disparities, this paper delves into the timeless relevance of Gandhian Sarvodaya ("universal welfare") as a guiding framework for tackling 21st-century issues.

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Administrative Reform in Mongolia: Stages, Lessons Learned

This paper aims to present insights, results, and stages of administrative reform in Mongolia over the past 30 years.

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192
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Personnel Administration

In the VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous) world public servants' expectations are growing day by day that range from e-governance and citizen-centric delivery to maintaining constitutional morality.

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Har Ghar Jal' Scheme: A Comparative Study of Kancheepuram and Pudukkottai Districts

Access to safe drinking water is not merely a fundamental human right; it is a cornerstone of public health, economic development, and social equity. In rural India, where water scarcity and inadequate infrastructure pose significant challenges, the quest for reliable water supply becomes even more critical.

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Democratising Finance: India's Path to Inclusive Banking

This paper explores the growing inclusiveness of India's banking sector, tracing its transition from a primarily government-controlled model to a more open and technologically advanced system.

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Civil Service Training and Development: Historical Aspects and Challenges

This paper outlines the century-long history of Mongolia’s civil service training institution, the National Academy of Governance (NAOG), which plays a crucial role in meeting the contemporary needs of training and developing human resources within the civil service sector.

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Development Dynamics : Building Inclusive and Sustainable Development

India stands at a crucial juncture in its quest for inclusive development that will bring prosperity across the spectrum. Large amounts of public funds are spent to address these issues, but their implementation and the quality of services delivered leave much to be desired.

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One Nation One Ration Card: Impact Assessment in Rural India

The "One Nation One Ration Card" (ONORC) scheme, launched in 2020 under the National Food Security Act (NFSA), represents a transformative shift in India's public distribution system (PDS). 

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Communication: The Missing Catalyst in India's Growth

India has committed to achieving developed nation status by the centenary of its independence, leveraging cutting-edge technologies including AI tapping into its vast human capital, and implementing policies that foster high growth while addressing enduring social and economic inequalities.

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Political Value and Tradition of Mongolian Civil Service

This article explores the value and statehood of Mongolia by utilising Woodrow Wilson’s categorisation of “Judging by the constitutional histories of the chief nations of the modern world, there may be three periods of growth through which government has passed in all the most highly developed of existing systems, and through which it promises to pass in all the rest. 

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288
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Comparative Public Administration

Comparative public Administration focuses on comparing administrative structures, procedures, policy-making organs, the role of bureaucracy in different countries, the political executive, and control over bureaucracy.

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Comprehensive Study on Inclusive Education and Project PATHA

Education stands as the bedrock of human development, a force capable of unlocking individual potential and driving societal transformation.

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321
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Talent: Catalyst for India's Economic Ascendancy

This paper examines India's economic trajectory through the lens of its demographic dividend a substantial youth population exceeding 50% under age 25 within its 1.4 billion citizens. While this demographic advantage offers unprecedented economic potential, its promise is threatened by systemic challenges including inadequate education access, limited skill development, and employment scarcity, particularly in rural areas.

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327
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The Federal Ministerial Bureaucracy, the Legislative Process and Better Regulation

Over the last decades, Better Regulation has become a major reform topic at the federal and-in some cases-also at the Länder level.

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260
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Administrative Law

Remarkable technological and scientific progress has made the modern democratic State not a mere watch-dog or a police institution but an active participant interfering in almost every sphere of individual and corporate life in society in the changed role of a service state and a welfare state

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Enhancing Quality Education through Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan: A Case Study on Inclusive Education in Chitrakoot District

Education has long been recognized as a cornerstone for societal transformation, serving as a powerful catalyst for economic growth, social cohesion, and the reduction of inequalities.

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305
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India’s Health Equity: Challenges and Global Insights

This paper explores India's journey towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and health for all, focusing on the challenges and strategies for integrating marginalized groups into the healthcare system.

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Major Challenges Associated with Reform and Innovation of Leadership Training and Development (Ltd), and Some Proposed Solutions: Reflections on Ltd Practices of CELAP

Since the reform and opening up, China’s leadership training has experienced three stages of development: the initial stage of leadership training and development in the early period of China’s reform and opening up to the world (1978-2002), the rapid growing stage of leadership training and development in the period of fast growing economy and society (2002- 2012) and the innovative…

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295
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Accountability and Control

Accountability and control are essential for efficient, ethical administration in public and private sectors. Accountability ensures officials answer for actions and resource use, while control involves mechanisms to monitor compliance with laws and goals, promoting responsibility and preventing misconduct. 

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Sotto Gujarat-Study of Enabling Factors in Deceased Organ Donation

Organ transplantation emerged as a critical intervention for patients suffering from end-stage organ failure, offering them a renewed chance at life. 

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330
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From Clinic to Community: Empowering Rural India

Healthcare in rural India presents unique challenges and opportunities. While global health metrics emphasize indicators like life expectancy, mortality rates, and healthcare infrastructure, they often fail to capture the socio-cultural nuances of rural communities

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262
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Small Steps to Big Achievements: Innovative Practice of “Internet Plus” Government Service of Local Government in China

The “Internet plus” government service reform in China has progressed through three stages, namely one-stop service, one-window service, and companion service. This reform has become a significant example of reshaping the relationship between the local government and the public.

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218
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Organisations

An organisation is a group of two or more people working to achieve a common objective. The objectives of the organisation can be achieved through different theories. 

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Planning and Implementation of Cowin Platform into National Covid-19 Vaccination Programme

The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late 2019, has profoundly impacted global health systems, economies, and societies. 

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740
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Antyodaya: An Indo-American Perspective

This paper explores the evolution of Indian welfare philosophy from Gandhi's nonviolent resistance to contemporary governance. It traces how the sacrifices of Indian revolutionaries fostered Sarvodaya and Antyodaya ideals, examining the philosophical underpinnings of these concepts in Advaita and dualistic traditions.

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Online Education and Community Participation in Bangladesh: Challenges and Opportunities to Ensure Inclusive Learning During COVID-19 School Closure

Like most other countries around the world, after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, Bangladesh's education system has undergone a radical change from the beginning of March 2020 onwards. The study attempts to analyse teachers’, students’ and parents’ perceptions and experiences about the online education in the COVID-19 pandemic at the school level.

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Administrative Behaviour

Administrative Behaviour is a fundamental area of public administration that focuses on comprehending how people behave in groups and within organizations to accomplish shared objectives. 

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613
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Innovative Health Services in Latur: A Study of Primary Health Care Center Transformations

Health is a fundamental human right and a critical indicator of development. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development emphasizes the importance of ensuring health and well-being for all individuals. A key objective of this agenda is to guarantee favorable health outcomes, underscored by the endorsement of a new declaration during the Global Conference on Primary Health Care held in Astana,…

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280
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Transforming India: Policy Levers for Sustainable, Inclusive Growth

Despite its remarkable economic ascent, India's trajectory towards sustainable and inclusive prosperity is threatened by persistent economic inequalities, demographic pressures, governance constraints, and environmental degradation. 

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Realisation of Sustainable Development Goals Through Panchayati Raj Institutions

In this article, published reports have been used for analysing state-wise status of SDGs achievements and their correlations with attainments in areas of poverty-reduction and other developmental indicators. Also, progress made by GPs on various metrics related to SDGs has been corroborated with other relevant metrics

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Institutional Dynamics of Governance Reform in India (1991–2016)

Loss of governance reform efficacy is an identified entrenched institutional problem in systems. Reform, anywhere, is a sticky material because holders of powers and their cronies have rarely shown altruistic intentions of relaxing their profiteering grips over resources.

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Executive Summary

National Commission for Women (NCW) has entrusted the task to conduct a study on ‘Evaluation of the Impact of Mission Shakti in Women Empowerment in KBK Districts of Odisha’ to Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi. 

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128
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Theme Paper on ‘One Nation, One Election’

"Democracy' and 'free and fair election' are inseparable. Elections are the centerpiece of democracy; it is difficult to visualize democracy without elections. Ensuring free and fair elections is the first prerequisite for the success of democratic process.

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Lateral Entry In Civil Services: Balancing the Demands for ‘Specialists’ and the Imperatives of ‘Social Justice’

The practice of bringing domain experts into the government is not new to India.

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990
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Is the Idea of India’s One Nation, One Election A Miracle or A Disaster?

On September 1, 2023, a committee headed by former President Ram Nath Kovind explored the possibility of something called One Nation, One Election in India and ever since this thing has come out in public, political parties all across the country have been fuming with anger. 

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India's Endeavor towards Zero Hunger SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 2: Zero Hunger

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030. 

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Collaborative Governance: The Indian Experience

This paper examines various initiatives taken by Government of India to promote collaborative governance in various sectors. With increasing needs and aspirations of the community for public services and the limited capacity of government to provide the same, the involvement of various stakeholders to deliver these services becomes important and necessity. 

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Aspirational District Programme (ADP): A Comparative Study of Holistic Development in Baramulla and Bastar Districts

In the vast and diverse landscape of India, regional disparities in development have long posed significant challenges to achieving equitable growth and social justice. Recognizing the urgent need to address these disparities, the Government of India launched the Aspirational Districts Programme in January 2018. 

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Administrative Thought

A dynamic interaction between the recognition of human complexity in organizations and the pursuit of structural efficiency has shaped the evolution of administrative philosophy. The foundational works of Frederick W. Taylor, Max Weber, Mary Parker Follett, Elton Mayo, Chester Barnard, Rensis Likert, Chris Argyris, and Douglas McGregor are critically examined in this essay, which charts the shift from traditional administrative…

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New Challenges in Capacity Building of Civil Servants in Public Administration in India

In India, National Training Policy was formed in 2012, replacing the old policy of 1996. This was needed two reasons, new areas of administration given in the reports of second administrative reforms commission setup in 2005 and changing environment in different spheres of governance and new challenges of administration being faced by the civil servants.

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From Back Office to Boardroom - The Service Sector Leap

India's emergence as a global services powerhouse in the 21st century marks a profound and transformative shift. This evolution, far from a mere economic change, is a strategic leap driven by its demographic dividend, technological advancements, and the burgeoning global demand for specialized services.

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373
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Excellence in Administration

Public administration, as the executive arm of the state, has tremendous responsibilities to match the needs and aspirations of the citizens of the state. The systems have evolved over the years in almost every country as the politico and socio-economic environment of the respective country have changed. 

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366
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Public Administration: Meaning, Nature, Scope and Significance

Public administration is the cornerstone of modern governance. It refers to the organization, management, and implementation of government policies and programs, carried out by public officials and institutions. As a vital mechanism of the state, public administration not only ensures the effective delivery of services to citizens but also upholds the principles of accountability, transparency, and rule of law.

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Tribal Development through Evidence-based Policy

Tribal Sustainable Development through Evidence-based Policy and Planning: A major issue in post-Independence India has been a misreading of demands of tribal communities. What they have been demanding pertains to choice upholding their traditions and customs and having ownership over natural resources

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The Revenge of Geography

As the Idiom of technological advancement takes its toll. The paper highlights a few poignant and emerging factors in the International Relations theorization. It was conservatively maintained by the defense strategists and the political leadership across the Global polity that foreign policy and the Diplomacy are greatly determined by the “given” of Geography and terrain

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Trinity of Citizen, Society and State

With the deepening of democracy, increased decentralisation, increasing social and political awareness, digital penetration, shifts in demography, demand for quality services by common citizens has been accelerating at a faster pace. In such a scenario, the role of State is critical for promoting equity in access to services. 

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Reimagining Institutions

"Accelerating India's Development" holistically looks at India’s growth trajectory since gaining independence – it rounds up all where it has done well including unity, upholding the integrity of its constitution, retaining democratic values at its core. It also does not mince words to convey where all the nation has faltered such as falling short in delivery of public services including…

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Income & Employment Intensive Growth Agenda

Income and Employment Intensive Growth Agenda for India: The paper examines income and employment status in the Indian labour force to identify policy attention and follow up. The macroeconomic policies taken during last one decade are yielding positive results leading to expansion of manufacturing and services and structural transformation in the economy.

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Social Security: Reality & Reforms

An Analysis of India's Social Welfare Programs: In a democracy, the state's role is to promote societal welfare. According to Aristotle, the state should not only ensure its survival but also improve the quality of life for its citizens. The state has a moral responsibility to its citizens. Modern views agree that the state should provide essential services like education,…

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Digital Innovations in Social Protection

Digital Innovations in Social Protection: Trends, Challenges, and Solutions: The integration of digital technologies into social protection systems represents a transformative shift with profound implications for the delivery of welfare services. This chapter explores the evolving landscape of digital innovations in social protection, contextualising these developments within the broader framework of universal social protection and a systemic approach to welfare.

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416
IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Justice Delivery: Issues and Prospects

Access to justice is a fundamental tenet of the rule of law. It is paramount to enable people to exercise their rights, confront prejudice, make their voices heard, and hold decision-makers responsible. 

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IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Policing: Reality & Reforms

One of the most crucial aspects of our society is law enforcement, which deals with issues of law and order nationwide. It is an essential component of the state's legal system. The British government introduced a Police Act in 1861, which is still very relevant and based on policing. 

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1998
IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Public Health & Nutrition Security

India’s Vision for 2047 aims to transform the nation into a developed country, with healthcare being pivotal for this progress. Achieving universal health coverage and modernising healthcare infrastructure are essential for fostering a healthy productive population, which in turn drives economic growth and reduces poverty. 

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School Education & Building Blocks

Several challenges linger in the Indian education system, like rote learning, the non-existence of practical skills among students, and disparities in access to quality education. To deal with the criticism for excessive curriculum and unreasonable focus on rote learning, this chapter examines the strategies comprising the building blocks to reform Indian schools. 

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Social Development and State Effectiveness

Social development is expected to promote holistic improvement of individuals, institutions and their surrounding environments. Looking at the pace of development in India, the economy of most states requires strategic prioritization to accelerate improved well-being of the people. Accessibility to health, school education and public security are critical to the edifice of social development. 

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Federal Finance and Macro Economic Management

India is the largest democracy in the world inhabited by about 1.36 billion people over an area of 3287 thousand square kilometers according to an estimate for 2021 based on Census 2011. The Indian economy is characterised as a middle-income emerging market economy. In the last three decades the economy has faced three major crises, i.e., balance of payment crisis…

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709
IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Public Service Delivery

Neoliberal policies pursued by India since 1990s have created a space for private enterprises hitherto occupied by the state entities, unshackled the existing enterprises and introduced reforms to facilitate private initiative. This chapter looks into the ecosystem of the private sector in general and the developments in three specific sectors- urban mobility, water supply and housing, to draw lessons for…

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Strategic Human Resource

This Chapter highlights the gradual transformation from Personnel Administration to Strategic Human Resource Management over the years in Government of India. However, there is still a long way to go. In this Chapter an attempt has been made to delineate the criticality to move towards Strategic HRM in Government of India to achieve India’s developmental goals.

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IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Data Dissemination and Governance

Robust statistical data forms the cornerstone of an informed governance system. This paper studies the statistical system and data dissemination in the Centre and State governments in India, and the measures put in action to accelerate the data dissemination process. Arguing that the availability of high-frequency statistical data is a necessary condition for good governance, the first section of the…

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317
IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Local Self-Governments

In the Amrit Kaal (golden period) of independent India, the ‘citizen first’ approach guides public governance by deepening the outreach of service delivery mechanism so that international standards could be achieved in India@100.  The goal can only be achieved by all inclusive governance involving stronger and effective local self-governments both panchayats and municipalities.

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Creative Bureaucracy

In modern societies, with the increasing role of the state in social and economic fields, emphasis on the quality of its governance is of prime concern to all. Indian bureaucratic system of governance is founded on the principle of rule of law, as the state power is divided amongst three chief organs, each has the its own quality under a…

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IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Governance and Electoral Politics

This paper discusses the concept of good governance and its relations with the electoral politics in Indian context. It highlights the various strategies employed by the government and related agencies for the growth and development of the country. Major reforms pertaining to the country’s infrastructure, IT, administration, economy and public services are a few areas that have been explored in…

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IIPA into Governance & Polity
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Sankalp of Viksit Bharat

With the Indian government’s vision to transform India into a developed nation by 2047, marking hundred years of independence, it has become of highest importance to learn from the past, tenaciously work in the present and step towards the future with complete efficiency. In its 77 years of becoming a democracy, India has soared high with continuous transformations marked by both…

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